Have you ever been woken up during the night by a sudden painful muscle cramp? These can occur at any time whether it’s during our sleep, pregnancy, or during strenuous physical exercise. But have you wondered why is this happening?
Muscle cramps are sudden, involuntary, and painful muscle contractions which self-extinguish within seconds to minutes. Any muscle can be affected but the muscles in the calf and foot are particularly prone to happen more than others. The exact cause of cramps is still unknown but there are some risk factors as to why this is occurring: poor physical condition, mineral and electrolyte imbalance (potassium, sodium & magnesium), dehydration or tight and fatigued muscles. What generally happens, is you feel a sudden sensation of uncontrollable and painful spasm in the muscle and it twitches.
There are treatment options or preventative strategies that can help, but there isn’t enough research yet to understand which treatment or strategy works best. Nevertheless, there are interventions available for the treatment. These treatment options include:
There also some strategies we can use to prevent muscle cramps from occurring. These are some suggestions which you can apply to reduce the likelihood of them happening.
If you notice that you are getting muscle cramps on a regular basis or the pain is severe, it’s best to book in a visit with your GP as there could be some underlying medical issues.
References:
Qiu, J & Kang, J. (2017) The Scientific Pages of Sports Medicine. Exercise Associated Muscle Cramps- A Current Perspective. 3-14